All Activities
History

Humans and the Environment Through History

Overview

Students explore how human societies across history have changed their environments — from early agriculture to industrialisation — and consider the long-term consequences.

Learning Objective
Students understand that humans have been transforming the natural environment throughout history and can evaluate the long-term consequences.

Resources needed

  • None

Lesson stages

0 / 7 done
  1. 1 Ask: how has the local environment changed in living memory? What caused the changes?
  2. 2 Introduce: humans have been transforming environments since the earliest farming communities.
  3. 3 Give historical examples: deforestation for farming, river irrigation, mining, industrialisation.
  4. 4 Ask: did people in the past understand the long-term consequences of their actions?
  5. 5 Discuss: are some historical environmental changes reversible? Are some permanent?
  6. 6 Connect to today: is current environmental change different from historical patterns? How?
  7. 7 Ask: what does this history tell us about what we should do differently now?

Tap a step to mark it as done.

Variations

  • Focus on a specific local environmental change and trace its historical causes.
  • Compare pre-industrial and industrial environmental impacts.
  • Debate: should we judge past societies for their environmental damage?
More information

Teach: environment, deforestation, irrigation, industrial, consequence, reversible, sustainable. Connect to geography curriculum — many students will have explored these concepts there.

Use the local environment as the primary example — what has changed here, and why?

Can students give two historical examples of human environmental impact? Can they distinguish between reversible and permanent changes?

Entirely discussion-based. Connect to the students' own observable environment as the primary evidence.

Students sometimes think environmental destruction is a modern problem. Showing that deforestation, soil exhaustion, and species loss are ancient problems contextualises the current crisis historically.

Environmental history is one of the fastest growing fields in the discipline. It connects history directly to the most pressing contemporary challenge and shows that human-environment relationships have always been complex.