All Activities
History

History on Trial

Overview

Students hold a mock trial of a historical figure or event, with one group prosecuting, one defending, and the class as jury.

Learning Objective
Students evaluate a historical figure or event using evidence, presenting and defending a historical judgement.

Resources needed

  • None

Lesson stages

0 / 7 done
  1. 1 Choose a historical figure whose legacy is debated — a colonial leader, a revolutionary, a political figure.
  2. 2 Divide class into prosecution (argue the figure was harmful), defence (argue they had positive impact), and jury.
  3. 3 Groups prepare for 8 minutes — what evidence supports their case?
  4. 4 Prosecution presents for 3 minutes.
  5. 5 Defence presents for 3 minutes.
  6. 6 Each side asks the other one question.
  7. 7 Jury discusses and votes — then explains its verdict using historical evidence.

Tap a step to mark it as done.

Variations

  • Put a historical event on trial rather than a person.
  • Add witnesses who speak as historical contemporaries.
  • Compare two trials across different lessons — does the verdict change with different evidence?
More information

Teach: prosecution, defence, verdict, evidence, judgement, legacy, argue. Sentence frames: 'The evidence shows...' and 'We argue that... because...'

Provide some evidence points for each side rather than requiring students to generate all their own arguments.

Are students using historical evidence to support their arguments or relying on opinion alone? Does the jury verdict include reference to specific evidence?

No materials needed. The debate structure itself is the resource. Works in any space with enough room for groups to confer separately.

Students think historical judgement means finding a definitive right answer. Teach that historians reach reasoned judgements that others can challenge — the quality of reasoning matters most.

Mock trials develop argumentation, evidence use, and historical judgement simultaneously. They are highly engaging and produce some of the deepest historical thinking students do.