Vocab for Teachers
Near-Synonyms & Word Choice
🟢 Basic

Near-Synonyms: Give, Donate, Offer, Provide, Supply

What this session covers

At basic level, students need to talk about giving things to people. They usually learn 'give' first and use it for everything. But English has several verbs for different kinds of giving, and they are not interchangeable. 'Give' is the general everyday word — 'I gave her a present'. 'Donate' is for charity — 'she donated money to the school'. 'Offer' is when you suggest giving something — 'he offered me his seat'. 'Provide' is for supplying something a person needs — 'the school provides books for students'. 'Supply' is similar to provide but often used for goods or materials — 'the company supplies water to the village'. Each verb fits a different situation. The grammar matters too: 'give' takes 'to' or two objects ('give a book to her' or 'give her a book'). 'Donate' takes 'to'. 'Provide' uses 'with' for the receiver. Students who use 'give' for everything miss the precision of these verbs, and students who use the wrong grammar produce errors. This lesson covers the main verbs of giving at A2 level.

Personal Reflection

Before you start — think honestly about your own teaching and experience.

Q1
When your students need to talk about charity, providing services, or offering help, do they reach for 'give' for everything, missing the more precise verbs that fit each situation?
Q2
Which of these have you seen your students get wrong or avoid using altogether?

Discover the Pattern

Look at the examples. Answer each question before reading the explanation — this is how your students will learn too.

1
Five verbs, five different situations:

I gave my sister a birthday card. (general giving — for any reason)
The wealthy man donated a million to the children's hospital. (charity giving)
She offered me her chair when she saw I was tired. (suggested giving — could be accepted or refused)
The school provides free meals for poor students. (supplying for a need)
The company supplies water to the whole village. (providing goods or materials, often regularly)

All five describe giving in some way. What is the difference between them?

Each verb fits a different kind of giving. 'Give' is the general everyday word — works for any situation. 'Donate' is specifically for charity — giving to help others, often money or things to a cause. 'Offer' is the gentlest — suggesting that something is available, which the other person can accept or refuse. 'Provide' is about supplying something a person needs — schools provide education, hospitals provide care. 'Supply' is similar to provide but often used for goods, materials, or services that flow over time. The same act can sometimes be described in different ways — a charity that gives food to families could be described as donating food, providing food, or supplying food. The choice depends on the focus: donate emphasises the charity, provide emphasises the need being met, supply emphasises the regular flow. Students who know only 'give' miss all these subtle differences.

2
The grammar — different verbs need different patterns:

Give uses two patterns:
I gave a book to my friend. (give + thing + to + person)
I gave my friend a book. (give + person + thing — no 'to' needed)

Donate uses 'to':
She donated money to the hospital. (donate + thing + to + person/place)
She donated to the hospital. (donate + to + person/place — no thing needed)

Offer uses two patterns:
He offered her his chair. (offer + person + thing)
He offered his chair to her. (offer + thing + to + person)

Provide uses two patterns — these are different:
The school provides books for students. (provide + thing + for + person)
The school provides students with books. (provide + person + with + thing)

Supply uses two patterns:
The company supplies water to the village. (supply + thing + to + place)
The company supplies the village with water. (supply + place + with + thing)

Which grammar is right for each verb? Why is this important?

Each verb of giving has its own grammar pattern, and using the wrong pattern produces errors. The most error-heavy verb is 'provide' — students often say 'provide books to students' (wrong — should be 'for students') or 'provide with books to students' (mixing the two patterns). 'Provide' takes 'for' (provide books for students) when the thing comes first, OR 'with' (provide students with books) when the person comes first. The same dual pattern applies to 'supply'. 'Donate' is simpler — always 'to' for the receiver. 'Give' has the most flexibility — it allows both 'to + person' and the no-preposition pattern. Students must learn each verb with its grammar, as a chunk. Drilling the patterns prevents the most common errors.

3
When do we use which verb?

For a present to a friend or family member:
→ give (everyday) — 'I gave my mother flowers'.
→ present (more formal) — 'The students presented flowers to the head teacher'.
→ hand (informal — for passing) — 'She handed me the keys'.

For charity:
→ donate — 'They donated old clothes to the church'.
→ contribute — 'Many people contributed to the disaster fund'.

For work or service:
→ provide — 'The hospital provides free care for children'.
→ supply — 'Local farmers supply vegetables to the market'.

For a polite suggestion of help or food:
→ offer — 'May I offer you some water?'

What is the safest rule for choosing the right verb?

The right verb depends on the situation. For everyday giving — birthdays, friends, family — 'give' is almost always right. For charity — money or goods to help others — 'donate' is more precise than 'give'. For work or service contexts — schools, hospitals, businesses — 'provide' or 'supply' fits better than 'give'. For polite suggestions — offering help, food, or drink — 'offer' is the right verb because it allows the other person to accept or refuse. The safest rule for students: when in doubt, 'give' will work in most everyday situations. But for charity, services, and polite offers, the more specific verb is more accurate and natural.

The Pattern — What You Just Discovered

English has several verbs for different kinds of giving. 'Give' is the general everyday word. 'Donate' is for charity giving. 'Offer' is for suggesting that something is available. 'Provide' is for supplying something needed. 'Supply' is similar but often for goods or materials that flow over time. Each verb has its own grammar pattern: 'give' is flexible (two patterns), 'donate' takes 'to', 'offer' uses two patterns like 'give', 'provide' uses 'for' or 'with', and 'supply' uses 'to' or 'with'. Students must learn each verb with its grammar.
Verb Meaning Grammar pattern Typical use
give General giving give + thing + to + person / give + person + thing Everyday situations: gifts, presents, items between people.
donate Give to charity or a cause donate + thing + to + cause/place Charity contexts: money to a hospital, clothes to the poor, time to a project.
offer Suggest giving (other person can accept or refuse) offer + person + thing / offer + thing + to + person Polite suggestions: offer help, offer a drink, offer a job.
provide Supply something needed provide + thing + for + person / provide + person + with + thing Services and needs: school provides books, hospital provides care.
supply Provide goods or materials, often regularly supply + thing + to + place / supply + place + with + thing Business contexts: company supplies water, farmers supply vegetables.
present Give in a formal way present + person + with + thing / present + thing + to + person Formal occasions: present an award, present a certificate.
hand Pass something directly (often informal) hand + person + thing Quick everyday giving: hand me the keys, hand her the book.
contribute Give a part of something larger (often money) contribute + thing + to + cause Group efforts: contribute money to a fund, contribute time to a project.
Key Contrasts

DISTINCTION 1 — Give vs donate: 'Give' is general; 'donate' is specifically for charity. 'I gave my sister a present' (everyday). 'I donated money to the orphanage' (charity). Donating is a kind of giving, but with a charitable purpose. Using 'give' for charity is not wrong, but 'donate' is more precise.

DISTINCTION 2 — Offer vs give: 'Offer' is gentler than 'give'. When you offer something, the other person can say no. When you give something, you have already done it. 'I offered her a chair' (she might or might not sit). 'I gave her a chair' (she now has the chair). For polite suggestions, 'offer' is the right word.

DISTINCTION 3 — Provide vs supply: Both mean give for a need. 'Provide' is more general — works for services, goods, opportunities. 'Supply' often suggests regular flow of goods or materials, especially in business. 'The school provides education' (general). 'The factory supplies parts' (regular flow). Both can often work for the same situation.

DISTINCTION 4 — The grammar of provide: This is the most error-heavy verb. The two correct patterns are: provide + thing + for + person ('provide books for students') and provide + person + with + thing ('provide students with books'). Wrong: 'provide books to students' (should be 'for' here). Wrong: 'provide students books' (must include 'with'). Drilling the two correct patterns prevents most errors.

DISTINCTION 5 — When 'give' is the right choice: For everyday gifts, presents, and informal situations, 'give' is almost always correct and the most natural. 'I gave my mother flowers' is perfect everyday English. The more specific verbs (donate, offer, provide, supply) fit specific contexts. The safest default: when in doubt, use 'give' for everyday situations.

Note

Verbs of giving come up constantly in everyday English — talking about presents, charity, work, services, and acts of kindness. Students who use only 'give' miss the precision available in this verb family. Cultural context also matters: in some communities, charity giving is a major social topic and 'donate' becomes one of the most useful verbs students need. In others, work and service language is the priority and 'provide' and 'supply' get more use. Teachers should weigh which verbs to drill most based on what students will actually need to say. The grammar of these verbs — especially 'provide' and 'supply' — needs explicit attention because the patterns confuse students more than the meanings.

💡

Drill the grammar patterns with real examples. Provide books for students. Provide students with books. Donate money to the school. Offer help to a friend. The patterns must be automatic so students do not think about them in real-time speech. Use a chant: 'provide for, provide with' until students can produce both patterns at speed.

Common Student Errors

The school provides books to students at the start of every term.
The school provides books for students at the start of every term. / The school provides students with books at the start of every term.
Why'Provide' takes 'for' when the thing comes first (provide books for students) or 'with' when the person comes first (provide students with books). 'Provide books to students' is a common error from mixing the patterns of 'give' and 'provide'.
My uncle gave to the children's hospital last week.
My uncle donated to the children's hospital last week. / My uncle gave money to the children's hospital last week.
Why'Give' usually needs an object — what was given. 'Gave to the hospital' is incomplete in everyday English. For charity, 'donated' works without an object ('donated to the hospital' is fine because the meaning is clear). 'Gave money to the hospital' adds the object and works too.
She offered me a glass of water and I drank it quickly.
She offered me a glass of water and I accepted it. / She gave me a glass of water and I drank it quickly.
Why'Offer' means suggest — the other person can accept or refuse. If the speaker drank the water, that means they accepted the offer. The story should mention accepting first. Or use 'gave' if the water was simply handed over without offer-and-accept.
The company supplied the village water for many years.
The company supplied water to the village for many years. / The company supplied the village with water for many years.
Why'Supply' takes 'to' (supply water to the village) or 'with' (supply the village with water). 'Supplied the village water' (with no preposition) is wrong — the pattern needs either 'to' or 'with'.
The students contributed money for the new classroom by donating from their pocket money.
The students contributed to the new classroom by donating their pocket money. / The students contributed money to the new classroom from their pocket money.
Why'Contribute' takes 'to' for the cause (contribute to the classroom). 'Donate' takes 'to' for the receiver. The original sentence has the prepositions in the wrong places. 'Contribute' and 'donate' together is also redundant — they mean almost the same thing. Use one or the other.

Check Your Understanding — Part 1

Choose the best verb of giving for each situation. Think about the kind of giving and the grammar that fits.

A wealthy businessman wants to give a large amount of money to support an orphanage in his community.
Pick the most appropriate word:
A teacher wants to make sure every student has a school book at the start of term. The school does this for all students each year.
Pick the most appropriate word:
A young man on a bus sees an elderly woman standing. He stands up and suggests she takes his seat.
Pick the most appropriate word:
A water company in town delivers clean water to all the homes in a neighbourhood every day.
Pick the most appropriate word:
A grandmother gives her grandson a small toy car for his birthday — a typical family present.
Pick the most appropriate word:
0 / 5 answered

Check Your Understanding — Part 2: Why Is It Wrong?

Each sentence has a problem with a verb of giving — wrong verb or wrong grammar pattern. Suggest a better version and explain.

The hospital provides free medicine to children under five years old.
Write the correct sentence:
Explain why it is wrong:
The hospital provides free medicine for children under five years old. / The hospital provides children under five with free medicine.
'Provide' takes 'for' when the thing comes first (provide medicine for children) or 'with' when the person comes first (provide children with medicine). 'Provide medicine to children' is a common error from mixing the patterns of 'give' and 'provide'.
Many local families donated for the new school building project.
Write the correct sentence:
Explain why it is wrong:
Many local families donated to the new school building project. / Many local families donated money to the new school building project.
'Donate' takes 'to' (not 'for') for the cause or receiver. The pattern is 'donate + (thing) + to + cause'. 'Donated for' is wrong — it should be 'donated to'. Either include the thing donated (money) or leave it implied with just 'to'.
My friend gave me her old phone — she said I could have it if I wanted, and I said yes.
Write the correct sentence:
Explain why it is wrong:
My friend offered me her old phone — she said I could have it if I wanted, and I said yes. / My friend gave me her old phone after I said I wanted it.
The original sentence describes an offer (could have it if I wanted) followed by acceptance (and I said yes). The right verb for this two-stage process is 'offer'. 'Gave' would mean the phone was handed over directly. The corrected version uses 'offered' for the suggestion stage.
The local farmers supply the market vegetables every Saturday morning.
Write the correct sentence:
Explain why it is wrong:
The local farmers supply vegetables to the market every Saturday morning. / The local farmers supply the market with vegetables every Saturday morning.
'Supply' takes 'to' (supply vegetables to the market) or 'with' (supply the market with vegetables). 'Supplied the market vegetables' (with no preposition) is wrong — the pattern needs 'to' or 'with'.

Classroom Teaching Sequence

Use this sequence directly in class — guided discovery, no textbook needed. Tap each step to mark it done.

0 / 5 done
1

STEP 1 — Five verbs for different situations (5 min): Write the five verbs on the board: give, donate, offer, provide, supply. Show one example sentence for each. Discuss the small differences. Give is general. Donate is for charity. Offer is for polite suggestions. Provide is for needs. Supply is for goods over time.

2

STEP 2 — Match to situation (5 min): Give five short situations. A birthday gift to your sister (give). Money to the hospital (donate). Help to a stranger (offer). Books to all students at school (provide). Water to the village (supply). Discuss why each verb fits.

3

STEP 3 — The grammar of provide (6 min): Focus on the most error-heavy verb. Write the two correct patterns on the board: 'provide + thing + for + person' (provide books for students) and 'provide + person + with + thing' (provide students with books). Drill both patterns. Warn against 'provide books to students' — wrong.

4

STEP 4 — The grammar of give and donate (5 min): Show 'give' has two patterns: give + thing + to + person (gave a book to my friend) and give + person + thing (gave my friend a book). Both correct. 'Donate' takes only 'to' for the receiver. Drill the patterns with example sentences.

5

STEP 5 — Talk about giving in your community (4 min): Each student produces three sentences using three different verbs from the lesson. Examples might include: charity in their community, services their school provides, polite offers people make. Share in pairs. Partner checks: were the right verbs and grammar used?

Ready-to-Use Classroom Materials

Use directly in class — copy, adapt, or read aloud. No printing needed.

1 Giving verbs wall (display)
Create a wall display with the five main verbs and their typical contexts. GIVE: everyday gifts and presents. DONATE: charity, helping causes. OFFER: polite suggestions. PROVIDE: services, supplying needs. SUPPLY: goods and materials over time. Add example sentences. Refer to the wall when students need to choose a verb.
Example sentences
GIVE: gave my mother flowers, gave a book to my friend
DONATE: donated money to the school, donated old clothes to the church
OFFER: offered her my chair, offered to help
PROVIDE: provides books for students, provides students with books
SUPPLY: supplies water to the village, supplies the village with water
2 Grammar drill — provide and supply (oral)
Call out a thing and a person/place. Students must produce both correct patterns for 'provide' (or 'supply'). Drill until both patterns are automatic.
Example sentences
Teacher: 'books / students' → Student: 'provide books for students / provide students with books'
Teacher: 'water / the village' → Student: 'supply water to the village / supply the village with water'
Teacher: 'medicine / patients' → Student: 'provide medicine for patients / provide patients with medicine'
3 Match verb to situation (speaking)
Describe a giving situation. Students must choose the right verb and produce a complete sentence. Discuss as a class.
Example sentences
Situation: A man gives food to a hungry stranger → He offered food to the stranger. / He gave food to the stranger.
Situation: A school helps poor students with school fees → The school provides school fees for poor students.
Situation: A businesswoman gives money to a children's home → She donated money to the children's home.
Situation: A factory makes parts for many car companies → The factory supplies parts to many car companies.

Plan Your Next Steps

For each strategy, choose the option that best describes where you are now.

Build the giving vocabulary further with related verbs: receive, accept, refuse, return, lend, borrow. The full giving-and-receiving cycle needs both directions.
Teach the related noun forms: a gift, a donation, an offer, a contribution, a supply. The nouns are useful for talking about acts of giving in general.
Look at idiomatic giving phrases: give a hand (help), give it a try, give me a break, donate your time. The verbs extend into many idioms.
Practise the grammar patterns in writing — students often get the patterns right in spoken practice but slip in writing. Editing exercises catch the errors.
Connect to politeness — offering vs giving is a politeness distinction. 'May I offer you...' is more polite than 'Take this...'. Cultural context for politeness in different situations is useful for students.
What is the one change you will make next time you teach this vocabulary?

Key Takeaways

1 English has several verbs for different kinds of giving. Give is the general everyday word. Donate is specifically for charity. Offer is for polite suggestions. Provide is for supplying needs. Supply is for goods or materials over time, often in business contexts.
2 Each verb has its own grammar pattern. Give: thing + to + person OR person + thing. Donate: always + to. Offer: like give, two patterns. Provide: thing + for + person OR person + with + thing. Supply: thing + to + place OR place + with + thing.
3 The most common grammar error is 'provide books to students'. The right forms are 'provide books for students' or 'provide students with books'. Drilling the two correct patterns prevents most errors.
4 Choosing the right verb makes the meaning clearer. 'Donated money to the orphanage' tells the reader more than 'gave money to the orphanage'. The specific verb signals the kind of giving.
5 For everyday gifts and presents, 'give' is almost always the right choice. For charity, services, and polite suggestions, more specific verbs work better. The teaching goal is to give students the full set so they can choose precisely.